The Iron Heel Descending Upon and Crushing Humankind - Literature Essay Samples

Being a part of an independent worker’s union can risk one’s job; leading a union can often lead lead to worse. It can lead to losing that job, being threatened, or even murdered due to the rebellious views. Unions tend to arise when workers rights are being undermined. However, the social elite opposed to unions because they do not wish to loosen their grip on the workers. When composing The Iron Heel, Jack London took into the account the events around him and expressed his socialist views through the various characters. In The Iron Heel, Jack London criticizes the rise of the oligarchy and its suppression of justice as well as individuals who questioned its supremacy and legitimacy. London was a socialist himself, he joined the Socialist Labor Party in 1896, and was inspired to write this book by what was happening around him at the time, the early 20th century. In the novel, Jack London portrays this through Philip Wickson who is described as an one-time oligarch. Mr. Wickson tells Ernest, â€Å"We will grind you revolutionists down under our heel, and we shall walk upon your faces. The world is ours, we are its lords, and ours it shall remain (London 97)†. Jack London refers to the Russian Revolution of 1905 through this quote. The peaceful protesters and workers in Russia were in dire need of change and help, as it could be seen in their petition. The petition stated, â€Å"We are beggars, we are oppressed and overburdened with work, we are insulted, we are not looked on as human beings but as slaves. The moment has come for us when death would be better than the prolongation of our intolerable sufferings† (Johnstone). The workers were being wor ked beyond their breaking point, being brutally and unjustly treated as slaves. Their situation was so grim that many preferred death. In The Iron Heel, there is a story of a worker that lost his arm while trying to save a machine from breaking down so that he may save the company from incurring a huge loss. He did not lose his arm because he was irresponsible, but rather because he was being overworked and he was fatigued. The businessmen were taking advantage of his helplessness. When the worker, Jackson, asks for a compensation because he lost his job and only source of bread and butter, leaving him to fend for his wife and kids, he is ridiculed. Even the lawyers are afraid to fight his case, not wanting to lose their profession or reputation by fighting for a hopeless cause. The lawyers also know that the big businesses have already hired prominent lawyers that were the best in the business. London includes this story in the book to portray the cruel and ruthless attitude that t he big businesses had towards its workers. It also shows that in such societies, money can buy even the most extreme items, such as justice. Oligarchy is a form of government in which a small group has control over the country. The sanction tends to take over and gain almost to complete power and authority over the people. The oligarchy is usually comprised of people of the upper class. In the novel, an oligarchy rises to power, further widening the gap between the classes and unknowingly bringing the economy down. Although the working class makes up a much larger percentage of the population, it cannot easily defeat the oligarchy. This can be seen in the many failed revolts by socialists in history, including Ernest and Avery Everhard, the protagonists of the book that are revolutionary socialist leaders. The Everhards recognized that society needed more socialists because without different views, the society would crumble due to the ever-increasing gap among the classes. James Gray Pope, a recent representative for labor unions at a law firm, shed more light on this gap. Pope writes about the growing gap between the ric h and the poor that is getting wider in the US and says that it is the outcome of the nation’s lack of social views. One of the primary reasons why the working class cannot defeat the upper class is that they are not united. American workers have failed to build a class-wide movement for economic redistribution and social welfare protections. The working class is too divided into their own unions to be united. The unions are too focused on negotiating for the immediate self-interest and improvement of living for their members (Pope). Sanctions and oppressing leaders tend to rise when the lower classes are disorganized; they become an easier target for suppression. History has repeatedly shown that citizens begin to take collective action against the government when the government is no longer responding to their needs. History also shows that it is easier to achieve success in an idea when it has a great number of supporters. The big numbers intimidate the employers because t he demands are coming from a strong power. Citizens also unite when they see corruption taking place in the government (Yap). By uniting against a common cause, it’s easier to get work done and needs met. Whereas being disorganized makes one an easier victim as unjust attitudes are directed towards them. When a need for justice, better wages, reasonable hours, and safer working conditions arises, labor unions form so that the workers can state their needs and negotiate them as a group. Being a union worker comes with many benefits. This can include having an organization that will represent a worker if they are being mistreated. The union also has the power to negotiate by acting as a mediator between the employer and the rest of the employees. However, labor unions can also be dangerous. Labor activism is often punishable by death and leaders are imprisoned by governments who view unions as a threat to the social and economic elite (Bacon). In The Iron Heel, Ernest is first reprimanded for his views by the philosophers and the owners of the corrupt businesses, before being killed. They were all threatened by his ideas and views, fearing that they will instigate the other workers and members of labor unions against them, knowing it will become impossible to control the mass amounts o f revolutionaries. Union members are constantly seen as a threat to the upper class, especially corrupt big businesses and capitalists. A member of The Socialist Party himself, Jack London strongly opposed the capitalist system. The party made the following statement in 1912:The Socialist party declares that the capitalist system has outgrown its historical function, and has become utterly incapable of meeting the problems now confronting society. We denounce this outgrown system as incompetent and corrupt and the source of unspeakable misery and suffering to the whole working class (Platform of the Socialist Party).The Socialist Party wished for social reform to overtake the capitalist system. They recognized that the capitalist system was corrupt, thus, jeopardizing the rights of the working class. Incidents such as these dismantle the working class in all aspects. The Socialist Party believed that the capitalist concentration was mercilessly crushing the class of small businessme n. London writes, â€Å"They, as a class, believed that they alone maintained civilization.† (London 128). The capitalists saw themselves as the supreme class, the class that owned not just the workers, but also the revolutionists that arose from the class. They were under the illusion that without them humanity would drop and anarchy would reign. Jack London was able to accurately hypothesize the dangers unions would face in the modern world, as it can be seen in Colombia’s history. Trade unions in Colombia were one of the most predominant in Latin America until the late 20th century. In the 1980s, many trade union members and leaders were assassinated and targeted, making Colombia the most dangerous country for unionist members for several decades. Thousands were killed and as result only 4% of workers were part of a union by 2009. This percentage had dropped from 1988 from an estimated 12%. The majority of the of the murders were committed by parliamentarians or the Colombian military (Bacon). In the book, Ernest Everhard is one of the leaders of the revolution and a representative for the workers, who is later executed for his views against the oligarchy. Initially, Everhard had a prominent group of supporters but as Everhard was killed alongside others, the number of revolutionaries dropped drastically. London describes a government that imprisons outspoken opponents and critics, controls news and information. The capitalist class, though few in numbers, absolutely controls the government legislative, executive and judicial (Platform of the Socialist Party). Similarly, many countries today have complete control over their citizens. China, for example, is a communist country that shares many traits with the oligarchy shown in the novel. China’s government uses the law to suppress anyone that challenges the communist party’s right to rule, directly or indirectly. In July 2015, nearly 300 civil lawyers, support staff, and activists were arrested and tortured. Yet whenever the Communist Party of China is accused of torturing the activists, it rejects all allegations by declaring it as fake news (â€Å"China is Torturing Civil-Rights Lawyer†s).This gives the citizens the illusion that the government is correct, unjustly controlling their views without them knowing. Many families of these activists were threatened as well just as Avis Everhard is later executed for preparing for the Second Revolt, just as her husband has helped with the First Revolt. Those that had close ties to Ernest were threatened and those that shared his views were killed. China also controls and censors the media under their ruler President Xi Jinping. Professor Zhan Jiang, a Chinese media specialist, has described the current situation in China as â€Å"the worst time for media and Internet freedom since the start of the new century (Dimitrov).† In China, the Central Propaganda Department looks at censorship issues at a macro level, following the trends in society. They censor and monitor national-level media. In contrast, local level propaganda departments are in charge of censoring and monitoring sources of information that are deemed as non-classified sources, including advertising (Dimitrov 124). The Chinese government asserts that it has the legal right to be able to control the internet’s content and that their censorship does not take away from the citizen’s rights to freedom of speech. The government maintains censorship over all media that reaches a wide audience. This includes television, texting, film, print media, vid eo games, literature and the Internet. Freedom House ranks China’s press as not free, giving it the worst ranking (Freedom in the World 2017). The absence of freedom leads to oppression. When an oligarchy comes into power, many people start to feel oppressed. Many times the citizens begin to come together in groups and plan conspiracies against the the oppressive oligarchy. Soon they start to publicize their ideas through writing and speeches, taking advantage of what little freedom of press and speech that they have. That is when the elite and oligarchy start to feel endangered by the groups and the ideas that they put out into the public. In The Iron Heel, Ernest writes books that are looked down upon and later banned, speaks in speeches that are later criticized, and organizes a revolution, The First Revolt, that ultimately fails. In many countries there is a trend that can be seen: freedom of the press and oppression of journalists. Freedom of press is identified as a basic human right that includes the freedom of speech, assembly, thought and expression. It is a privilege because without it the citizens and society will be oblivious as to what is happening in th e world they live in. Attacks and aggression can be seen towards the press as well as the journalists that put their life and career at stake in order to tell the citizens the truth. This can be seen in the increasing number of journalists that are losing their lives. Since 2008, 456 journalists have been forced into exile and 232 journalists were in jail in 2012 (Davidson). In most cases, government officials and the upper class are responsible for the jailing and torturing of the journalists because of the constant threat of getting exposed due to their misdeeds. Certain governments orchestrate the media as a pawns to make themselves seem righteous to the general public. They want them to stop writing critically about them and regime, often times threatening them. Jack London was able to accurately predict a world that soon started to form a couple of years after his death. He was able to capture the essence of oligarchies and how they, unintentionally, create labor unions that they later oppress. As a member of The Socialist Party, Jack London was able to express his views through the two main writers of the Everhard manuscript, Avery Everhard herself and the man that annotated it a couple hundred years after Avery hid it. When writing this book not only was Jack London greatly influenced by the events taking place around him but Karl Marx as well. Alongside being known as the â€Å"Boy Socialist†, London was also known as the â€Å"American Karl Marx† because his views and opinions aligned very well with those of Karl Marx. Overall, London was able to defend the union workers in this novel by exposing the oppression they face and the aggression that journalists face when trying to reveal the truth. Annotated Works Cited Bacon, David. â€Å"U.S. Fuels Colombia’s Dirty War against Unions.† Canadian Dimension, vol. 33, no. 5, Sep/Oct2001, p. 27. EBSCOhost. I was able to use this source to connect the brutality that unions faced in Colombia to the brutality the unions faced in the book. â€Å"China is torturing civil-rights lawyers† The Economist 15 June 2017: www.economist.com. Web. 30 June 2017. I used this source to portray how the members of revolutionaries are treated. Davidson, Greg. â€Å"Freedom of Press Must Be Protected.† Editor Publisher, vol. 150, no. 8, Aug. 2017, p. 6. EBSCOhost. I was able to use this source to discuss the oppression that the press faces even though they are supposed to have free will. Dimitrov, Martin K. â€Å"The Political Logic of Media Control in China.† Problems of Post-Communism, vol. 64, no. 3/4, May-Aug2017, pp. 121-127. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/10758216.2017.1318346. I was able to use this source to write about the censorship in China and how it was similar to the censorship used in the book. Freedom in the World 2017. Freedom House, freedomhouse.org/report/ freedom-world/2017/china. Accessed 21 Nov. 2017. I used this source to show how little freedom China has statistically. Gouldner, Alvin Ward. Against Fragmentation : the Origins of Marxism and the Sociology of Intellectuals. Oxford University Press, 1985. EBSCOhost. I will use this source to discuss Karl Marx, the man that influenced Jack London to write this book. I will also be comparing his views to those of Jack London. Johnstone, Diana. â€Å"The Western Left and the Russian Revolution.† Monthly Review: An Independent Socialist Magazine, vol. 69, no. 3, Jul/Aug2017, p. 77. EBSCOhost, doi:10.14452/MR-069-03-2017-07_6 I was able to use this source to gather information on the Russian Revolution that is known to have inspired Jack London to write this book. London, Jack. The Iron Heel. United States, London Press, 2017. I will use this novel for the basis of my paper and quotes to use as examples for Jack London’s view on labor unions and socialists. â€Å"Platform of the Socialist Party.† Platform of the Socialist Party, 8/1/2017, p. 1. EBSCOhost. I was able to use this source to obtain a party slogan essential to my argument. Pope, James Gray. â€Å"Why Is There No Socialism in the United States? Law and the Racial Divide in the American Working Class, 1676-1964.† Texas Law Review, vol. 94, no. 7, June 2016, pp. 1555-1590. EBSCOhost. I was able to use this source to discuss the divisions present in the working class. Yap, O. Fiona. â€Å"When Do Citizens Take Costly Action against Government Corruption? Evidence from Experiments in Australia, Singapore, and the United States.† Journal of East Asian Studies, vol. 17, no. 1, Mar. 2017, pp. 119-136. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1017/jea.2017.1. I was able to use this source to enhance my argument on when the citizens find it necessary to unite against the government.

The Current Climate Of K 12 Education - 706 Words

With the continuing trend of external accountability pressures the position of school principal has become laborious. Professors Christopher Branson and Steven Jay Gross (2014) believe that the current climate of K-12 education requires â€Å"leaders with ethical codes that are deep, innate, and instinctive, so that they will not lose direction in the face of uncertainty or external pressure† (p. 2). Accordingly, the time is ripe for school leaders to lead with an innate ethical framework. Yet, Branson (2014a) argues that ethical leadership does not result from an innate characteristic that an individual possess, rather a school principal must learn to become an ethical leader. Furthermore, Branson (2014c) asserts that ethical leadership â€Å"is an achievement and not a given. A leader has to strive to become an ethical leader, as it is unlikely to happen automatically† (p. 294). In short, the challenge and demand for today’s school districts is to find and cult ivate ethical school leaders. The position of school principal’s holding the status of â€Å"professional† was highly sought and eventually established during the 20th and the 21st century. With this in mind, philosopher Sigurdur Kristinsson (2014) asserts that because school principals are professional’s, the actions taken by educational leaders are â€Å"inherently ethical.† The basic argument being made by Kristinsson (2014) is that because all professions are essentially ethical and educational leadership is a profession, then theShow MoreRelatedSignificance of the K to 12 Curriculum from the BEC Curriculum1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, empl oyment, and entrepreneurship. 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Religion, Philosophy, and Scientific Thinking Essay

Religion, Philosophy, and Scientific Thinking During the seventeenth century, many philosophers formulated new ideas that would consequently change the beliefs of the common man. The thinkers of the Renaissance Period have the way 17th Century man to the current world. In short, the world viewed religion, philosophy, and science in a very different way by the end of the seventeenth century because of these great philosophers. In the early 1600s Blaise Pascal, originally from Clermont, played a dominant two areas of advanced thinking. His mathematical reputation rests more on what he might have done than on what he actually affected, a considerable part of his life he devoted wholly to religious exercises. As a background on the†¦show more content†¦Almost one thousand seven hundred years before Pascal lived a Greek philosopher named Plato. The well-known scholar Socrates, in Athens, taught Plato in 407 B.C. In Platos, Allegory of the Cave, he metaphorically conveys mans life through death. Contrarily, Plato fails in knowing that man has already seen the light to which was written about. After living in the dark for a long period of time, man will not only blink and hinder the light to which blinds him, he will also venture to find an even brighter light. Man has always searched in new horizons, and overcoming the fascinating sights of the upper world, man will eventually grow weary of it. That br ings in another philosopher mind, that of John Haynes Holmes. Living in America between the 19th and 20th Centuries, John Haynes Holmes was both a minister, and social activist. Plato and Holmes are inter-related because each draws upon taking the next step after life on Earth. Immortality was preached by the minister in 1929, but he is well known for his philosophical thoughts as much as his religious views. Mans immortality is related to evolution, according to Holmes. 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Community Observation free essay sample

I acknowledge the people who helped me to finish my Field Study: I acknowledge my parents who supported and had given me all the love and care I need especially on my studies. I acknowledge also some of my friends, who helped me to make this portfolio, I also acknowledge our teacher in FS1, Mrs. Ma. Liberty B. Doncillo for all the guidance for this project. And most importantly, to Our Almighty Father who gives me strength and courage every day. Mindanao University of Science and Technology Oroquieta Campus Mobod, I like to teach in the school i had just observed because it is very comfortable for the learners to learn and it has the learning materials for their studies. OCCES is conducive to learning since it offers complete facilities for the development of its students. The kind of classroom that is conducive to learning is a classroom wherein their where things that could help learning to take its place. We will write a custom essay sample on Community Observation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the future I would love to have a classroom which is conducive to learning in a way that I should provide learning materials which enable the students to learn. And I can accomplish this by applying what I have learned; maintaining classroom cleanliness and make colorful visuals to catch the attention of my students. While I am observing the class, I am really amazed since the effectiveness of teacher will not depend on the teacher itself but also with environment it take place. Episode 2 Learner’s Characteristics and Needs Analysis Level | Salient Characteristic Observed| Implications To Teaching- Learning Process| Elementary | Elementary pupils are fond on playing games and they love to sing too. Therefore the teacher should used games and even action song so that could catch the attention of the pupils. He/she must use strategies such singing to awake the students. | Reflections When I observing the learners I had recall my own experience when I was at their age, the similarities that I have with the students is that being playful and being cooperative also. And at their age I am also dependent on my parents. The teacher that I can not forget for the positive reasons is my teacher in high school. She helped me with my needs especially in my physical and emotional problem. My favorite theory of development is the physical theory of development. This can guide me by exerting major effort on teaching them based on their physical and cognitive needs. Episode 3 Classroom Management and Learning Analysis The classroom organization and routines affects the student’s behavior in a way that this will serve as their guide in fulfilling their task every day. The teacher should have in mind that in designing classroom organization and routines that the students can understand what are these routines and this organization will help them to be better in their studies. The behavior strategies that were effective in managing the behavior of the learners were the analytical abilities, creative abilities and practical abilities. They were effective because it is based on their logical reasoning, and common sense. Reflections The grade level that I want to teach in the future is Grade V since they were more organized and they can easily understand rules. Students must be part in designing the routines since this will fit to their needs. And it would be easy for them to follow since they know it. The rules that I want to impose in my future class are as follows: * Speak English inside the class And never cheat The learners should be involved in making the class rules so that the students will be aware in those rules. And also they can express their own will. Episode 4 Individual Differences and Learner’s Interaction (focusing on differences in gender, racial, religious backgrounds) Analysis There are persons who play important role in the relatio nship and interactions in the classrooms. There is somebody who appears to be a leader, a joker, and attention seeker. The students that are coming from a minority group are accepted by the others. This is shown through communication and getting to know each other and they treat them well. The teacher influences the class interaction considering the individual differences of the students by showing to them that their treated fairly and they were teach well. The teacher also helps the learner to cope with other classmates and friends. The gender and age influence the grouping of learners outside the classroom. I had mostly seen peers with the same sex and of same age. They like to join in peers whom they comfortable to stay with. Reflections Being in the classroom I feel the oneness and unity among the learners. I feel that they were helping each other. In the future I want that my learners will be united in a way that they could feel free to ask questions and they would feel that they are part of me. Soon I will treat equally my students regardless of religious, ethnic or racial background. Their questions must be entertained also so that frustrations among learners may not appear Episode 5 Individual Differences and Learner’s Interaction (focusing on different levels of abilities) Analysis I was able to correctly identify the students who performed well in the class. These students were those who actively participate in classroom discussion. They can directly comprehend and they can follow instructions easily. There was an average gap between the learner’s abilities among the high achievers and the slow one. The teacher uses systematic methods in dealing with the students she gives remedial time for reading and comprehension. The students try to respond it positively to the best of their ability, Reflections When I was in my elementary years our teacher gives more time on teaching those students who were slow learners. She tries to do something better for them to understand our lessons.